![]() ![]() From the description of the table upon which the fiat cakes were to lie ( Exodus 25:23-30 Exodus 37:10-16), it held a series of golden vessels comprising dishes, spoons, flagons and bowls. All that the Mosaic legislation required was that, once in every week, there should be twelve cakes of unleavened bread, each containing about four-fifths of a peck of fine flour, placed in two piles upon a pure table with frankincense beside each pile and changed every Sabbath day ( Leviticus 24:5-9). Later Judaism has much to say as to the number and size of the loaves, more properly thin cakes, which bore this name, together with many minute regulations as to the placing of the loaves, the covering of them with frankincense, and other ritualistic vapidities. In 2 Chronicles 2:4 it is spoken of as the "continual showbread," because it was to be before Yahweh "alway" ( Exodus 25:30). The marginal reading of Exodus 25:30 Exodus 35:13, the Revised Version (British and American) "Presence-bread," exactly gives the meaning of the Hebrew. Sho'-bred lechem ha-panim, "bread of the presence" he prothesis ton arton ( Hebrews 9:2) the American Standard Revised Version "showbread"). There was only one altar of incense ( 1 Kings 6:20), but (in 2 Chronicles 4:8) ten tables of shewbread. The table of shewbread is not an "altar," though the altar is once spoken of as a "table" ( Ezekiel 41:22). The other references ( 1 Kings 6:22 1 Kings 7:48 1 Kings 9:25) are dismissed as interpolations. It has become the fashion of the newer criticism to deny the existence of the altar of incense in preexilic times, and to explain the allusion to it in 1 Kings 6:20 as the table of shewbread (so in Ezekiel 41:22). The table of shewbread is to be distinguished from the altar of incense. See the author's article on "The Temple Spoils" in PEFS, 1906, 306. The table represented is, of course, that of Herod's temple, taken at the fall of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. The bas-relief was measured by Professor Boni in 1905, and the height and width of the represented tables were found to be 48 centimeters, or nearly 19 inches. A rude representation of the table is given on the Arch of Titus in Rome. (shulchan ( Exodus 25:25-30, etc.) he trapeza kai he prothesis ton arton ( Hebrews 9:2)): For construction, see TABERNACLE TEMPLE. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia SHEWBREAD, TABLE OF Two staves, plated with gold, passed through golden rings, were used for carrying it. The table for the bread was made of acacia wood, 3 feet long, 18 inches broad, and 2 feet 3 inches high. The number of the loaves represented the twelve tribes of Israel, and also the entire spiritual Israel, "the true Israel " and the placing of them on the table symbolized the entire consecration of Israel to the Lord, and their acceptance of God as their God. They were renewed every Sabbath ( Leviticus 24:5-9), and those that were removed to give place to the new ones were to be eaten by the priests only in the holy place (see 1 Samuel 21:3-6 Comp. They were flat and thin, and were placed in two rows of six each on a table in the holy place before the Lord. This bread consisted of twelve loaves made of the finest flour. marg., "presence bread") 1 Chronicles 9:32 (marg., "bread of ordering") Numbers 4:7: called "hallowed bread" (R.V., "holy bread") in 1 Samuel 21:1-6. Then they were replaced by twelve new ones, the incense was burned, and they were eaten by the priests in the holy place, out of which they might not be removed, The title "bread of the face" seems to indicate that bread through which God is seen, that is, with the participation of which the seeing of God is bound up, or through the participation of which man attains the sight of God whence it follows that we have not to think of bread merely as such as the means of nourishing the bodily life, but as spiritual food as a means of appropriating and retaining that life which consists In seeing the face of God.Įaston's Bible DictionaryExodus 25:30 (R.V. Every Sabbath twelve newly baked loaves, representing the twelve tribes of Israel, were put on it in two rows, six in each, and sprinkled with incense, where they remained till the following Sabbath. ![]() See ( Exodus 25:23-30) for description of this table. literally "bread of the face" or "faces." Shew-bread was unleavened bread placed upon a table which stood in the sanctuary together with the seven-branched candlestick and the altar of incense. ![]()
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